Updated: April 26, 2025
The Super Bowl is the annual American football game that determines the champion of the National Football League (NFL). The game culminates a season that begins in the previous calendar year, and is the conclusion of the NFL playoffs. The contest is held in an American city, chosen three to four years beforehand,[1] usually at warm-weather sites or domed stadiums.[2] Since January 1971, the winner of the American Football Conference (AFC) Championship Game has faced the winner of the National Football Conference (NFC) Championship Game in the culmination of the NFL playoffs. The Packers defeated the Chiefs in the first AFL–NFL Championship Game (Super Bowl I). Before the 1970 merger between the American Football League (AFL) and the National Football League (NFL), the two leagues met in four such contests. The first two were marketed as the “AFL–NFL World Championship Game”, but were also casually referred to as “the Super Bowl game” during the television broadcast.[3] Super Bowl III in January 1969 was the first such game that carried the “Super Bowl” moniker in official marketing; the names “Super Bowl I” and “Super Bowl II” were retroactively applied to the first two games.[4] The term “Super Bowl” was famously coined by Lamar Hunt, founder of the American Football League. He conceived the name while observing his children playing with a toy known as the Super Ball. Although initially met with some resistance, the moniker quickly took hold, capturing the grandiose nature of the championship game. By Super Bowl III, the name was officially adopted, and it became synonymous with the contest of champions from the NFC and AFC. The NFC/NFL leads in Super Bowl wins with 27, while the AFC/AFL has won 25. Twenty franchises, including teams that have relocated to another city, have won the Super Bowl.[5] The Pittsburgh Steelers (6–2) have won the most Super Bowls with six championships, while the New England Patriots (5–5), the Dallas Cowboys (5–3), and the San Francisco 49ers (5–1) have five wins. New England has the most Super Bowl appearances with ten, while the Buffalo Bills (0–4) have the most consecutive appearances with four (all losses) from 1990 to 1993. The Miami Dolphins are the only other team to have at least three consecutive appearances: 1972–1974. The Denver Broncos (3–5) and Patriots have each lost a record five Super Bowls. The Minnesota Vikings (0–4) and the Bills have lost four. The record for consecutive wins is two and is shared by seven franchises: the Green Bay Packers (1966–1967), the Miami Dolphins (1972–1973), the Pittsburgh Steelers (1974–1975 and 1978–1979, the only team to accomplish this feat twice), the San Francisco 49ers (1988–1989), the Dallas Cowboys (1992–1993), the Denver Broncos (1997–1998), and the New England Patriots (2003–2004). Among those, Dallas (1992–1993; 1995) and New England (2001; 2003–2004) are the only teams to win three out of four consecutive Super Bowls. The 1972 Dolphins capped off the only perfect season in NFL history with their victory in Super Bowl VII. The only team with multiple Super Bowl appearances and no losses is the Baltimore Ravens, who in winning Super Bowl XLVII defeated and replaced the 49ers in that position. Four current NFL teams have never appeared in a Super Bowl, including franchise relocations and renaming: the Cleveland Browns, Detroit Lions, Jacksonville Jaguars, and Houston Texans, though both the Browns (1964) and Lions (1957) had won NFL championship games prior to the creation of the Super Bowl.Contents
- 1 Super Bowl Championship (1966–present)
- 1.1 Consecutive winners
- 1.2 Consecutive losers
- 2 Super Bowl appearances by team
- 2.1 Teams with no Super Bowl appearances
- 2.2 Teams with long Super Bowl droughts
- 2.3 Teams with Super Bowl appearances but no victories
- 2.4 Super Bowl rematches
- 3 See also
- 4 Notes
- 5 References
- 6 External links
Super Bowl Championship (1966–present)
Numbers in parentheses in the table are Super Bowl appearances as of the date of that Super Bowl and are used as follows:- Winning team and losing team columns indicate the number of times that team has appeared in a Super Bowl as well as each respective teams' Super Bowl record to date.
- Venue column indicates number of times that stadium has hosted a Super Bowl.
- City column indicates number of times that metropolitan area has hosted a Super Bowl.
Super Bowl MVPs Overview
The Super Bowl Most Valuable Player (MVP) award has recognized extraordinary performances since the first championship game. Notable MVP winners include Tom Brady, who has received the honor multiple times, cementing his legacy in Super Bowl history. Joe Montana also stands as a remarkable figure, capturing the MVP title three times during his career. The award itself highlights individual excellence that contributes significantly to team success on football's biggest stage, adding an extra layer of prestige to the championship.Consecutive winners
The Steelers defeated the Rams in Super Bowl XIV to win an unprecedented four championships in six years. Seven franchises have won consecutive Super Bowls, one of which (Pittsburgh) has accomplished it twice:- Green Bay Packers (Super Bowls I and II)
- Miami Dolphins (VII and VIII)
- Pittsburgh Steelers (twice: IX and X as well as XIII and XIV)
- San Francisco 49ers (XXIII and XXIV)
- Dallas Cowboys (XXVII and XXVIII)
- Denver Broncos (XXXII and XXXIII)
- New England Patriots (XXXVIII and XXXIX)
- The Green Bay Packers won the first two Super Bowls, and also won the NFL championship the preceding year.
- The Miami Dolphins appeared in three consecutive Super Bowls (VI, VII, and VIII), winning the last two.
- The Pittsburgh Steelers won two consecutive Super Bowls (IX and X); the following season they were eliminated in the AFC championship game by the eventual Super Bowl champion Oakland Raiders. They also won two more consecutive Super Bowls (XIII and XIV) for four wins in six seasons.
- The San Francisco 49ers won two consecutive Super Bowls (XXIII and XXIV); the following season they were eliminated in the NFC championship by the eventual Super Bowl champion New York Giants.
- The Dallas Cowboys won two consecutive Super Bowls (XXVII and XXVIII); the following season they were eliminated in the NFC championship game by the eventual champion San Francisco 49ers. The Cowboys won Super Bowl XXX the following year for three wins in four seasons.
- The New England Patriots won Super Bowl XXXVI, which was two years before their consecutive wins in XXXVIII and XXXIX, for three wins in four seasons. They did not make the playoffs in the intervening season (XXXVII). The Patriots also won Super Bowls XLIX and LI and in the intervening season (50) were eliminated in the AFC championship game by the eventual champion Denver Broncos.
Consecutive losers
Three franchises have lost consecutive Super Bowls:- Buffalo Bills (4) (Super Bowls XXV, XXVI, XXVII, and XXVIII) – The only team to appear in four straight Super Bowls, let alone lose in all four appearances.
- Minnesota Vikings (2) (Super Bowls VIII and IX) – They also lost Super Bowl XI, and were knocked out of the playoffs for Super Bowl X by the eventual losers the Dallas Cowboys for three losses in four seasons.
- Denver Broncos (2) (Super Bowls XXI and XXII) – They also lost Super Bowl XXIV, but did not even make the playoffs for Super Bowl XXIII for three losses in four seasons.
Super Bowl appearances by team
The Patriots played their first championship game in Super Bowl XX (pictured) and hold the record for most Super Bowl appearances (10) and are tied for the most losses (5) as of 2018. In the sortable table below, teams are ordered first by number of appearances, then by number of wins, and finally by number of years since last appearing in a Super Bowl. In the “Seasons” column, bold years indicate winning seasons, and italic years indicate games not yet completed.Iconic Super Bowl Moments
Throughout its history, the Super Bowl has delivered unforgettable moments. Among them is David Tyree's “Helmet Catch” during Super Bowl XLII, a crucial play leading to the New York Giants' victory over the New England Patriots. Another memorable moment occurred in Super Bowl XXXIV with “The Tackle,” when the Rams' defense stopped the Titans just short of the end zone. Joe Namath’s bold guarantee and subsequent triumph in Super Bowl III also remain etched in sporting lore. These moments symbolize the underdog spirit that often defines the game.Teams with no Super Bowl appearances
Four current teams have never reached the Super Bowl. Two of them held NFL league championships prior to Super Bowl I in the 1966 NFL season:- Cleveland Browns, NFL champions four times in 1950, 1954, 1955, and 1964; appeared in seven other NFL championship games in 1951, 1952, 1953, 1957, 1965, 1968, and 1969; and appeared in three AFC Championship Games in 1986, 1987, and 1989.[70] The Browns are officially viewed as one continuous franchise that began in 1946 as a member of the All-America Football Conference, joined the NFL in 1950, suspended operations from 1996 to 1998, and resumed play in 1999.[71] The Baltimore Ravens were created as an expansion team with former Browns players in 1996, and have since won two Super Bowls.[72]
- Detroit Lions, NFL champions four times in 1935, 1952, 1953, and 1957; appeared in one other NFL Championship Game in 1954; and appeared in one NFC Championship Game in 1991.[73]
- Jacksonville Jaguars, 1995 expansion team; appeared in three AFC Championship Games in 1996, 1999, and 2017.[74]
- Houston Texans, 2002 expansion team; Divisional Round appearances in 2011, 2012, and 2016 seasons.
Teams with long Super Bowl droughts
The Jets' last championship appearance was their victory over the Colts in Super Bowl III. At the end of the 2024 season, several NFL teams continue to experience extended Super Bowl droughts. While four teams—Jacksonville Jaguars, Houston Texans, Cleveland Browns, and Detroit Lions—have never appeared in a Super Bowl, others have not reached this milestone since before 2002. This prolonged absence from championship contention highlights the competitive challenges faced by these franchises in their quest for Super Bowl glory. Although Jacksonville and Houston have never appeared in a Super Bowl, there are teams whose most recent Super Bowl appearance was before Jacksonville and Houston joined the NFL (1995 and 2002, respectively), resulting in longer Super Bowl droughts for the following eight teams. Two of these teams have not appeared in the Super Bowl since before the AFL–NFL merger in 1970:[75]- New York Jets (most recently appeared in Super Bowl III, 1968 season)
- Kansas City Chiefs (Super Bowl IV in 1969 season)
- Minnesota Vikings (Super Bowl XI, 1976 season)
- Miami Dolphins (Super Bowl XIX, 1984 season)
- Cincinnati Bengals (Super Bowl XXIII, 1988 season)
- Washington Redskins (Super Bowl XXVI, 1991 season)
- Buffalo Bills (Super Bowl XXVIII, 1993 season)
- Los Angeles Chargers (played as San Diego Chargers in Super Bowl XXIX, 1994 season)
Teams with Super Bowl appearances but no victories
Eight teams have appeared in the Super Bowl without ever winning. In descending order of number of appearances, they are:- Minnesota Vikings (4), appeared in Super Bowls IV, VIII, IX, and XI. They won the NFL Championship Game in 1969, the last year before the AFL–NFL merger, but failed to win the subsequent Super Bowl. An NFL expansion team in 1961, they have no pre-Super Bowl league championships.
- Buffalo Bills (4), appeared in Super Bowls XXV, XXVI, XXVII, and XXVIII. Their second and last AFL championship was in 1965, the season before the first Super Bowl.
- Cincinnati Bengals (2), appeared in Super Bowls XVI and XXIII. An AFL expansion team in 1968, they have no pre-Super Bowl league championships.
- Atlanta Falcons (2), appeared in Super Bowls XXXIII and LI. An expansion team in 1966, they have no pre-Super Bowl league championships.
- Carolina Panthers (2), appeared in Super Bowls XXXVIII and 50. A post-merger expansion team, their first season was in 1995.
- Arizona Cardinals (1), appeared in Super Bowl XLIII. Their last championship was in 1947 as the Chicago Cardinals.
- Los Angeles Chargers (1), appeared in Super Bowl XXIX as the San Diego Chargers. Their only AFL championship was in 1963.
- Tennessee Titans (1), appeared in Super Bowl XXXIV. They won the first two AFL Championships in 1960 and 1961 as the Houston Oilers.
Super Bowl rematches
The 49ers and the Bengals, who faced off in Super Bowl XVI (pictured), would rematch each other again in Super Bowl XXIII. The following teams have faced each other more than once in the Super Bowl:- Dallas Cowboys and Pittsburgh Steelers (3) – Super Bowls X and XIII were won by Pittsburgh, and Super Bowl XXX was won by Dallas. See also Cowboys–Steelers rivalry.
- Miami Dolphins and Washington Redskins (2) – Super Bowl VII was won by Miami, and Super Bowl XVII was won by Washington.
- Cincinnati Bengals and San Francisco 49ers (2) – Super Bowls XVI and XXIII were both won by San Francisco.
- Buffalo Bills and Dallas Cowboys (2) – Super Bowls XXVII and XXVIII, the only rematch in consecutive seasons, were both won by Dallas.
- New England Patriots and New York Giants (2) – Super Bowls XLII and XLVI were both won by New York.
- New England Patriots and Philadelphia Eagles (2) – Super Bowl XXXIX was won by New England, Super Bowl LII was won by Philadelphia.
Economic Impact of the Super Bowl
Hosting the Super Bowl is a significant boost for local economies, with the game drawing visitors from around the world. Cities experience a surge in tourism, hospitality, and local spending, which supports thousands of jobs. Advertising costs for commercials have also skyrocketed, reflecting the event's broad appeal and massive viewership. Furthermore, the Super Bowl generates substantial media revenues, showcasing its role as not only a sporting spectacle but also a major commercial enterprise.Changes in Super Bowl Broadcasting
Super Bowl broadcasting has evolved considerably since the game's inception. Initially limited to basic television coverage, the event now garners global viewership through advanced cable and digital streaming services. High-definition broadcasts became standard in the early 2000s, enhancing the visual experience for fans worldwide. The rise of streaming platforms has further transformed viewership, allowing access across various devices and expanding the game's digital footprint beyond traditional TV.See also
- National Football League portal
- American football portal
- History of the National Football League championship
- List of AFC champions
- List of NFC champions
- List of NFL champions
- List of Super Bowl records
- Super Bowl Most Valuable Player Award
- List of NFL franchise post-season droughts
- List of NFL franchise post-season streaks
Notes
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Los Angeles, Pasadena, and Inglewood are all located in the Greater Los Angeles Area.[6] Pontiac, Michigan, is a suburb of Detroit.[7] Both Tempe and Glendale are suburbs of Phoenix, Arizona.[8][9] Both Stanford and Santa Clara are part of the San Francisco Bay Area Combined Statistical Area.[10]
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k The Miami Orange Bowl was in Miami proper. Hard Rock Stadium, also in Miami-Dade County, opened in an unincorporated area with a Miami address; the area was incorporated as Miami Gardens in 2003.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Stadium renaming: SDCCU Stadium was originally known as San Diego Stadium, San Diego–Jack Murphy Stadium, and Qualcomm Stadium. Hard Rock Stadium has also been variously known over the years as Joe Robbie Stadium, Pro Player Park, Pro Player Stadium, Dolphins Stadium (with a plural “s”), Dolphin Stadium (with no “s”), Land Shark Stadium, and Sun Life Stadium. NRG Stadium was originally known as Reliant Stadium.
- ^ Unlike other Super Bowls, Super Bowl 50's official name, as designated by the NFL, uses the Arabic numeral “50” instead of the Roman numeral “L”.
- ^ a b c d e Dates are tentative, pending possible future changes to the NFL calendar.
- ^ a b c d The Colts, Steelers, and Browns moved from the NFL to the newly-formed AFC, joining the ten extant AFL franchises, when the two leagues merged in 1970. The Colts are the only team to have played in the Super Bowl for both the NFL and AFC.
- ^ a b Although the 1995 Cleveland Browns became the 1996 Baltimore Ravens, the Browns' name, brand and history remained in Cleveland and was continued by the 1999 Cleveland Browns; the Ravens, for historical purposes, are considered a separate franchise.
References
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External links
- National Football League
- Super Bowl
- List of winning rosters
- Portal
- Super Bowl Sunday
- Curse
Contents show